The Therapeutic Potential of the Preconditioned Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells on Sciatic Nerve Injury in a Diabetic Rat Model

Abstract

Introduction: The modern medicine has witnessed immense implementation of cell-based approaches for many health issues. The therapeutic potential of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells was explicit chiefly after priming by activated platelet supernatant. They illustrated enormous clinical effectiveness in the management of bed sores and ischemic limb. Diabetic people commonly develop critical health problems as peripheral neuropathy and diabetic foot.

Aim of the Study: Exploring the therapeutic potential of the preconditioned peripheral blood mononuclear cells on sciatic nerve injury in a diabetic rat model and investigating the implicated mechanisms.

Materials and Methods: Sixty rats were allocated to three main groups; donor, control and experimental groups. The experimental group received a streptozotocin [60mg/kg, once intraperitoneally] to output diabetes mellitus. The diabetic animals were split into; experimental subgroup IIA [diabetic, untreated] with no further handling and experimental subgroup IIB [diabetic, treated] that was treated by preconditioned peripheral blood mononuclear cells [1×107, once intravenously]. Sciatic nerve specimens were handled for ultrastructural and biochemical procedures.

Results: Experimental subgroup IIA exhibited remarkable ultrastructural deterioration of the sciatic nerve. There was disrupted myelin pattern with axonopathy in addition to low g ratio. Disrupted mitochondria of the axoplasm and buffy Schwann cells with cytoplasmic vacuolation as well as dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum were seen. Upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and mitogen-activated protein kinase-12 as well as downregulation of adiponectin mRNA expressions were evident. Significant variation in the oxidative stress indicators was found. Experimental subgroup IIB had preserved nerve ultrastructure with almost normal biochemical indicators.

Conclusions: The preconditioning of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells had a tremendous therapeutic potential on sciatic nerve injury in diabetic rats.