A novel approach utilizing Β-tricalcium phosphate/gelatin composite scaffolds incorporated with gentamycin- loaded chitosan microspheres for periodontal regeneration in two-wall intra bony defects

Abstract

Objectives

There is an increasing demand for innovative biomaterials, scaffolds and techniques in dental practices to improve regenerative therapies. Researchers studied periodontium regeneration using biologically compatible scaffolds to repair periodontal and bony defects. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of β-tricalcium phosphate/gelatin composite scaffolds incorporated with gentamycin-loaded chitosan microspheres for periodontal regeneration in two-wall intra bony defects in Dogs.

Design

12 bilateral intrabony defects (total 24 defects), 5 mm height, and 3 mm depth, were surgically created on the mesial surface of second mandibular premolars and allowed to become chronically healed in 12 mongrel male dogs. Dogs were randomly divided into three groups: Group I (8 defects) received β-tricalcium phosphate/gelatin composite scaffolds incorporated with gentamycin-loaded chitosan microspheres. Group II (8 defects) received the same scaffolds without gentamycin. Group III (8 defects) received open flap debridement (OFD) as a control. The animals were sacrificed at 8 weeks post-operatively for histological and histomorphometry analysis (n = 8, α = 0.05).

Results

In comparison to the control, both test groups exhibited the highest percentage of newly formed bone height, newly formed bone area, newly formed cementum, and newly formed periodontal tissues, indicating a substantial (P < 0.001) increase in new regenerative tissue. However, in the control group, epithelial downgrowth predominated.

Conclusions

Within the limitations of this study, the novel treatment approach using β-TCP/Gelatin Scaffolds with Gentamicin-Loaded Chitosan improved periodontal regeneration and wound healing in two-wall intra bony defects in Dogs.